Contents

1. What it is for 2. Credit types 3. The cockpit 4. New loan and payment plan 5. Taxes on interest (country package)6. Paying an instalment 7. Early repayment simulation 8. Variable rate: rescheduling 9. Usage transactions and letters of guarantee 10. Calendar 11. Cost analysis 12. Warnings and thresholds 13. Accounting 14. On the phone 15. Permissions

Help › Finance › Credit and Limits

Credit and limit cockpit

All the limits that banks grant your company on one screen: cash loans, overdrafts (revolving credit lines), credit cards, letter of guarantee and letter of credit limits, leasing, and the general credit limits that group them under one umbrella. For every limit the program calculates what is used and what remains, generates the payment plan of instalment loans, pays an instalment with a bank receipt or an imported bank transaction, calculates early repayment and variable rates, draws the calendar and works out the company's average cost of borrowing.

1. What it is for

Knowing how much the bank can still lend you: for each bank the total limit, the debt used, open letters of guarantee and the amount still available are shown side by side.
Never missing an instalment: the payment plan, the calendar and the warnings show upcoming and overdue instalments; the payment is recorded in one click with a receipt or a bank transaction.
Seeing the cost of debt: each loan's effective annual cost, the debt-weighted average and the bank comparison are on one tab.

This is not the limit you give to customers. What is tracked here is the limit the bank gives you. The open-account limit and the exposure you allow your customers are kept separately on the Risk tab of the account card; the two modules never mix their tables, permissions or warnings.

Where to open it. In the dock, the Finance / Bank group › Credit and Limits. The window has five tabs: Cockpit, Loans, Letters of guarantee, Calendar, Cost analysis. The note at the top right tells you which currency the amounts are expressed in (TL in Türkiye, IDR in Indonesia).

2. Credit types

Type	How used and available are calculated
Cash loan	An instalment loan with a payment plan. Debt = principal of the unpaid instalments. Available = limit − amount drawn: repaid principal cannot be reused, so paying instalments does not reopen the limit.
Overdraft / revolving credit line	A revolving limit: it shrinks as you use it and reopens as you repay. Available = limit − debt. The debt is read either from usage transactions or from the negative balance of the linked bank account (see Cockpit).
Credit card	A revolving limit like the overdraft. If an account flagged as a credit card among the bank accounts is linked, the debt comes straight from that account's balance; the same spending is never entered twice.
Letter of guarantee limit	A non-cash limit. Available = limit − open letters not yet returned. When a letter is issued, the beneficiary, letter number and due date are entered; it closes when it is returned.
Letter of credit (L/C) limit	Tracked like a letter of guarantee; in accounting it goes to its own memorandum accounts.
Leasing	Has a payment plan like a cash loan; in accounting it goes to the lease payables account and in Türkiye no BSMV is added to its interest.
General credit limit	The umbrella limit the bank grants the company. Loans placed under it (the General credit limit (optional) field) share the common ceiling: available = umbrella limit − debt of the sub-loans − open letters. Sub-loans are not added to the total limit a second time. A general limit cannot be placed under another general limit.

3. The cockpit

The boxes at the top summarise the company's position across all banks: Total limit (with its utilisation percentage), Available limit, Loan debt, Open letters of guarantee, Instalments within 30 days (red if any are overdue), Cash + available limit (bank balance plus available limit: the money the company can reach at once) and Average cost of borrowing. Clicking a box opens the related tab.

Below them there is one card per bank: Limit, Debt + open letters, Available and the bank's utilisation bar; inside the card each of the bank's loans is listed on its own row with its type, utilisation, next instalment date and the number of overdue instalments, if any. Clicking a row opens the loan card on the right.

Utilisation	Colour and meaning
below 80%	Green — comfortable.
80% – 95%	Amber — attention; the limit is filling up.
95% and above	Red — act now; there is no room left for new usage.

Available = limit − debt − open letters. For a cash loan the utilisation follows the amount drawn and repaid principal does not come back; that is why no utilisation warning is produced for cash loans and leasing. For overdrafts and credit cards the loan record has a Source of the used amount with two options: From usage transactions (you enter drawdowns and repayments on this screen) or From the linked account's negative balance (debt = the negative balance of the chosen bank account; usage is then not entered manually, because the bank account's own transactions already show the debt).

Amounts of foreign-currency loans are converted to the local currency at today's rate and then added up (the rate has one source: in Türkiye the TCMB foreign-exchange selling rate, otherwise the rate table). If a currency's rate cannot be read, the cockpit shows Currencies without a rate and those loans are left out of the totals.

4. New loan and payment plan

Press New loan / limit and choose the type; enter the name, bank, bank account, contract number and, if needed, the currency (empty = local currency). If you will pay by receipt, enter the bank's account code in Bank's account record (for payment by receipt).
For cash loans and leasing you enter the Loan amount, Annual interest rate (%), Interest type (fixed / variable; for variable, the index and margin), Payment method, Interest basis, Term (months), Payment day and, optionally, the First instalment date. The commission rate, the upfront commission amount and the fees (appraisal, mortgage…) are included in the effective cost.
Use Preview plan to see the instalment amount, total interest, tax, total payment and effective annual cost without saving; then press Save. The plan is generated together with the record.
For a loan with a plan (cash loan, leasing) the How was the loan drawn? field is required: Write a bank receipt (incoming transfer), Only mark as paid (you enter the receipt separately) or, if the loan was drawn before this program, Drawn earlier (in opening balance, no voucher). A plan alone is not a drawdown; no instalment voucher is posted for a loan without a drawdown.

Payment method	How it works
Equal instalments (annuity)	The same instalment every month; at first the interest share is large and the principal share small. Example: 100,000, 24% a year, 12 months, monthly basis → instalment 9,455.96.
Equal principal	The same principal every month, interest on the remaining debt; the instalment gets smaller over time.
Balloon payment	The Balloon ratio (%) of the principal is paid with the last instalment; the rest is spread over equal instalments.
Interest only, principal at maturity	Only interest is paid in the intermediate instalments; the whole principal is in the last instalment.

Interest basis: Monthly (annual rate / 12) counts every month as equal; Daily (days / 360) and Daily (days / 365) use the real number of days between two due dates, so instalments differ slightly with the number of days and the last instalment closes the difference. The Payment day (1–31) sets the day of the month of every instalment; in a month without that day, the last day of the month is used. If a due date falls on a holiday or a weekend it moves to the next business day (the company country's holiday calendar); in the plan table the original date appears in brackets under a moved due date. In years without a holiday calendar nothing is moved and a warning is shown. The last instalment closes the rounding difference; the principals always add up to the loan amount.

If plan fields (rate, term, method…) are changed on the edit screen, the existing plan does not change by itself; the screen warns Plan fields have changed. Regenerate the payment plan from the loan card. Other limit types (overdraft, card, letter, general limit) have no payment plan; instead a Limit expiry / renewal date is entered.

5. Taxes on interest (country package)

Tax rates are not inside the program but in the company's country package. Every loan has a Tax profile; if left empty, the default for the type is used (for a foreign-currency loan, the package's foreign-currency profile). The loan card shows the applied tax on the Tax applied to interest line. There are two kinds of tax: an added tax is added to the interest and paid to the bank (the instalment grows); a withholding tax is deducted from the interest and paid to the tax office (the amount sent to the bank shrinks, but your total cost does not change).

Country	Profiles and default rates
Türkiye	TL commercial loan (BSMV): BSMV 5%, added to the interest (default for cash loans and overdrafts). Foreign-currency / FX-indexed loan (BSMV + KKDF): BSMV 5% + KKDF; the KKDF rate depends on the term and the form of use, so its default is 0 and the company enters its own rate. Financial leasing and Tax-free / exempt: no tax. Reference rate name: TCMB policy rate.
Indonesia	Domestic bank: no deduction on interest paid to a bank (default). Non-bank lender: PPh 23 15% withholding. Foreign lender: PPh 26 20% withholding (if a tax-treaty rate applies, the company lowers it). Leasing: no deduction. Reference rate name: BI-Rate.

When the law changes, the code does not. The package rates are overridden per company by the tax rate override in the credit settings (by tax code, e.g. bsmv, kkdf, pph23, pph26). For now this setting has no separate field on screen; your administrator enters it through the credit settings endpoint (PUT /api/kredi/ayar, vergiOran).

6. Paying an instalment

In the Payment plan table on the loan card, press Pay next to a pending instalment. The form shows the instalment number and the amount to pay to the bank; the Payment method is one of three ways:

Method	What happens
Write a bank receipt	An outgoing transfer receipt is written from the chosen bank account to the bank's account record; the bank balance and the bank's account move with this receipt. If the loan's bank's account record is not defined, this method cannot be chosen.
Link to an imported bank transaction	Enter the number of an outgoing transaction imported from the statement. The banking module writes that transaction's receipt to the bank's business partner card: the bank balance changes, the transaction moves to receipt status and is linked to the instalment; the payment date is the transaction's date. The amount must match the instalment exactly; if it differs, no partial link is made: pay the instalment with a receipt and process the statement line on the Bank Transactions screen. The bank's business partner card must be defined; a transaction linked to another loan, ignored or already turned into a receipt cannot be used.
Only mark as paid	No receipt or transaction is written; you enter the bank receipt separately. The accounting voucher is posted against the bank's business partner card (the card is required): if the receipt is not entered, a balance stays open on the bank's card and shows up in reconciliation; the bank account is never reduced by the voucher alone.

A double click never writes a second receipt. Every payment is sent with a permanent request key; even if the button is pressed twice or the network drops and the request is repeated, no second receipt is written for the same instalment, and even if the response is lost the written receipt is found. If the same instalment is being processed at that moment, the message This instalment is being processed. Please wait. appears. When the last instalment is paid, the loan moves to Closed.

Reverse: Reverse next to a paid instalment cancels the payment. If it was paid with a receipt, the receipt is deleted; if it was paid with a bank transaction, the banking module deletes that transaction's receipt and the transaction can be processed again. When the same instalment is paid again (even after the plan was rebuilt) a new receipt key is used; the number of a deleted receipt is never issued again. A closed loan becomes Active again. Every payment and reversal is written to the loan's History.

7. Early repayment simulation

For loans with a payment plan, enter the Payoff date and the bank's Early repayment penalty (%) in the Early repayment simulation box at the bottom of the card and press Calculate. The program shows:

Remaining principal: the principal of the instalments falling due after the payoff date.
Accrued interest: the interest running from the last due date to the payoff day (by number of days), plus the tax on that interest.
Penalty: remaining principal × penalty rate. Overdue unpaid instalments are added at their amounts (late interest is not calculated; a warning says so).
Payoff amount and savings: the difference between the planned remaining payments and early repayment; green = worthwhile, red = more expensive.

Apply early repayment, after confirmation, marks all instalments after the payoff date as Closed out and adds a single payoff instalment on the payoff date (remaining principal + accrued interest + penalty + tax). This instalment is paid from the plan like any other.

8. Variable rate: rescheduling

A loan whose interest type is Variable shows a Variable rate badge and its index on the card. When the bank changes the rate, type the new rate in New annual interest rate (%) and press Reschedule the remaining instalments: paid instalments stay as they are; unpaid instalments are regenerated from the remaining principal at the new rate, with the same due days and the same number of instalments; the interest of the first new instalment runs from the last paid due date. The loan's recorded interest rate is also updated and the event is written to the transaction history.

9. Usage transactions and letters of guarantee

Transactions are added in the Usage transactions section at the bottom of the loan card (for letter types, Letters of guarantee). The transactions that make sense for each type:

Cash loan, leasing, overdraft, credit card: Usage (drawing money from the bank), Repayment (returning principal; cannot exceed the debt), Commission / fee. The method can be a receipt (incoming transfer for usage, outgoing transfer for repayment), a bank transaction, manual or, for usage, Drawn earlier (carry-over); manual and bank transaction require the bank's business partner card. On a loan with a plan, Repayment is an interim principal payment: pending instalments are rebuilt from the remaining principal (use early repayment for the whole remainder); if this entry is deleted, the plan is rebuilt adding the amount back. For a limit whose usage source is "the linked account's negative balance", usage and repayment are not entered. Sending the same form twice does not write a second receipt.
Letter of guarantee and letter of credit: Letter of guarantee issued (amount, Beneficiary, Letter no., Letter due date), Letter of guarantee returned (you choose the Returned letter; if the amount is empty, the whole letter is treated as returned; partial returns are possible) and Commission / fee. A letter with a recorded return cannot be deleted; delete the return record first.
General credit limit: only commission / fee is entered; usage happens on the sub-loans.

Exceeding the limit is blocked. If a usage or letter amount exceeds the available limit (or the available part of the general limit it belongs to), the record is rejected: The amount exceeds the available limit (…). Only an administrator can allow the excess, by giving explicit approval. For a cash loan the remaining limit is calculated from the total of the drawdowns; the first drawdown is entered together with the plan record. Transactions cannot be added to a closed loan. A letter of guarantee is not a cheque: it is not written to the cheque/note portfolio and is tracked only on this screen and in the memorandum accounts.

The Letters of guarantee tab gathers all letter and L/C limits and the open letters in one list: beneficiary, letter number, issue date, open amount, due date and days left to the due date (red "… days past due" if passed; No time limit if it has no due date).

10. Calendar

The Calendar tab is a month grid; you move with Previous month / Next month. Each day shows the credit events falling on it: instalments (coloured paid / pending / delayed), letter of guarantee due dates and limit expiries. The top shows the total of instalments due that month. Clicking an event opens the related loan.

Loan events also appear in other modules automatically, without copied records: the Contract calendar window lists pending instalments, open letter-of-guarantee due dates and limit expiries under the Bank loan source, and its reminder rules apply to them too. In the 13-week cash forecast report unpaid instalments enter the Loan instalment column as an outflow on their due date (overdue instalments stay separately in the overdue table); the Cash simulation uses the same items as its baseline and Loan instalment can be postponed as a Payment type.

11. Cost analysis

Effective annual cost — for a planned loan (cash loan, leasing) it is the internal rate of return of the cash flows (XIRR): the net drawdown (loan amount − upfront commission − commission-rate share − fees) comes in at the start and the instalment total (including interest and added tax) goes out on each due date. For a revolving loan (overdraft, card) it is compounded: (1 + annual rate × (1 + added tax) / 12)^12 − 1, plus the annual commission rate. For letters of guarantee and L/Cs only the commission rate is shown; since it is not a cost of borrowing it is not included in the average.
Weighted average cost of borrowing — the debt-weighted average of the loans' effective costs (in local-currency equivalent); a loan with zero debt carries no weight.
Bank comparison — each bank's debt-weighted average as a bar; the cheapest bank at the top. The Cost per loan table shows the nominal rate, effective annual, difference from reference and the debt; clicking a row opens the loan.
Reference rate — in Türkiye the TCMB policy rate, in Indonesia the BI-Rate. The value is not fetched automatically; an authorised user enters the rate and its date manually and saves it. Once entered, the screen states how many points above or below the reference the average cost is.
Exchange differences on foreign-currency loans — remaining principal × (today's rate − drawdown rate); a positive difference (red) is an exchange loss. The drawdown rate is entered on the loan record; if empty, the day's rate is used.

12. Warnings and thresholds

The Warnings list under the cockpit and the phone screen use the same rules. The default thresholds are changed per company in the Warning thresholds box at the bottom of the Cost analysis tab (the critical utilisation threshold cannot be lower than the warning threshold):

The same warnings appear in the Credit limit usage box of the Owner Dashboard (total available limit, utilisation, bank breakdown) and in its attention strip, and on the phone in the attention list of the Pulse screen: an overdue instalment shows as an item needing action, an instalment due within 7 days as a warning; tapping opens the Calendar tab of the Credit and Limits window.

Warning	Default threshold	Level
Upcoming instalment	7 days before	Attention (amber)
Overdue instalment	As soon as the due date passes	Act now (red)
Limit utilisation (overdraft, card, letter, general limit)	80% attention · 95% act now	Attention / act now
Letter of guarantee due date	30 days before · past due and not returned	Attention · act now
Limit expiry	30 days before · once expired	Attention · act now

The same warnings appear in the Credit limit usage box and the Attention list of the Owner Dashboard, and in the attention lines of the Pulse phone interface (upcoming instalment, overdue instalment, limit utilisation); all of them are fed by the same calculation.

13. Accounting

Credit events become automatic entries in the Accounting module (the rules can be changed in Accounting › Rules). If the term is longer than 12 months, long-term accounts are used. Counter leg: if the operation was done by receipt, the receipt already posts bank ↔ the bank's account, so the credit entry closes against the bank's account; for an operation linked to a bank transaction or marked manually, the counter leg is the loan's bank account.

Event	Türkiye (Uniform Chart)	Indonesia (SAK EP)
Loan drawdown	Dr 102 (or the bank's account) · Cr 300 short / 400 long term; leasing 301 / 401	Dr bank (or the bank's account) · Cr 2-21000 short / 2-22100 long term
Instalment payment	Dr 300/400/301/401 principal · Dr 780 interest · Dr 780 BSMV/KKDF · Cr 360 withholding only · FX difference Dr 656 loss / Cr 646 gain · Cr 102 or the bank's account	Dr 2-21000/2-22100 principal · Dr 8-80200 interest expense (beban bunga) · Cr 2-20400 PPh · FX difference 8-80100 loss / 7-70100 gain · Cr bank or the bank's account
Commission / fee	Dr 780 · Cr 102 or the bank's account	Dr 8-80200 · Cr bank or the bank's account
Letter of guarantee issued / returned	Memorandum: Dr 910 / Cr 911; for an L/C 912 / 913; reversed on return	Memorandum: N-30000 / N-30001 bank guarantee; L/C N-40000 / N-40001; reversed on return

Why 780 and not 360 for BSMV? BSMV and KKDF are charged to the borrower as an expense like interest and paid to the bank with the instalment; they are not accrued to 360 in advance. 360 is only for the withholding tax you deduct and pay to the tax office. The company can change this in Accounting › Rules. Credit card usage and repayment produce no entry: the spending is posted by its own purchase document and the card payment by a bank receipt; the cockpit only tracks the limit. For an overdraft whose usage is tracked from the bank account balance, no usage / repayment entry is created either.

14. On the phone

On screens smaller than 7 inches (the Garden + Steps interface) the window becomes three screens:

Cockpit: the available limit, loan debt, instalments within 30 days and average cost boxes; the utilisation bar and loans of each bank; the warnings. Tapping a loan opens its card.
Instalments: unpaid instalments in the next 60 days and overdue ones; tapping one takes you to the payment step.
Pay instalment, three steps: (1) choose the instalment, (2) choose the method, bank account and date, (3) check the amount on the confirmation screen and press Pay the instalment. A double tap never writes a second receipt.

15. Permissions

kredi — view the cockpit, the loan list, the calendar and the cost analysis. A user with the bank or accounting permission can also read.
kredi_yonet — loan and limit records, payment plans, paying and undoing instalments, usage and letter of guarantee transactions, early repayment, reference rate and threshold settings.
Administrator can do everything and is the only role that can allow a limit excess with explicit approval. A read-only user cannot save any record. Receipt and bank transaction operations run with the user's own session, so the bank / receipt permissions also apply separately.

Permissions are given in Settings › Users with the lines View the credit cockpit, calendar and cost analysis and Loan records, instalment payments, drawdowns and letter of guarantee transactions. Deletion rules: a loan with paid instalments cannot be deleted (undo the payments or close the loan first); a loan with usage linked to a receipt or bank transaction cannot be deleted (delete that usage first).